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battle

/ˈbætəl/

A fight or struggle between opposing forces

From Latin, probably from a Celtic or Germanic source batt- (to strike).

noun
verb
batt-
Latin
Verified
battuō
“to strike, hit, beat, fight”

from Latin battuō (“to strike, hit, beat, fight”), of uncertain origin. Possibly

Late Latin
Verified
battuālia
Fighting and fencing exercises for soldiers and gladiators

from Late Latin battualia "exercise of soldiers and gladiators in fighting and fencing,"

Old French
Verified
bataille
Battle, single combat; also an army or body of soldiers

from Old French bataille "battle, single combat," also "inner turmoil, harsh circumstances; army, body of soldiers,"

+1 more source
Modern English
battle

Picture Roman soldiers and gladiators drilling with wooden weapons: their organized exercises were called battuālia, from Latin battuere, “to strike.” French inherited the word as bataille, and after the Norman Conquest it crossed into Middle English as batel and batayle around 1300. The word’s ultimate ancestry is disputed: one proposal connects it with a root meaning “to stab, dig,” while another suggests a root meaning “to hit or beat.” Along the way, battle displaced native Old English words such as ġefeoht, beado, camp, and wīg—an invading French word doing linguistic battle with several English ones. Remember it as a word that began with a blow in a training yard and ended up naming everything from Waterloo to an argument over the remote control.

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