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caricature

/ˈkærɪkətʃʊr/

Exaggerated representation for comic or satirical effect

From Latin carr (Wagon).

noun
verb
carr
Latin
Verified
carrus
Two-wheeled wagon or cart

from Latin carrus "two-wheeled wagon" (see car ). The Italian form had been used in English

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Italian
Verified
caricare → caricatura
To load, exaggerate → an overloading or exaggerated representation

from Italian caricatura "satirical picture; an exaggeration," literally "an overloading,"

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French
Verified
caricature
A satirical or exaggerated picture

from French caricature (18c.)

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English
Verified
caricature
Recorded from the 1680s; noun senses established by 1748–1750, and later used as a verb

from French caricature (18c.)

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Modern English
caricature

Picture a Roman cart piled so high that the load itself becomes the joke: that is the image hiding inside caricature. Latin carrus meant a two-wheeled wagon, and its descendant caricare meant “to load”; in Italian, an “overloading” became caricatura, a picture that piles on one conspicuous feature until a face turns into a visual punchline. The Italian term was circulating in English by the 1680s, while the English noun is recorded by 1748, just as satirical portraiture was flourishing in European print culture. A large nose, a politician’s eyebrows, a movie star’s chin—caricature keeps enough of the original person to make recognition part of the fun. And despite its tempting resemblance, it is not related to character: character comes from Greek kharaktēr, “engraving tool” or “distinctive mark,” while caricature began with a cart carrying too much.

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