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doesn't

/ˈdʌzənt/

Third-person singular contraction of “does not”

From English, from Old English does (third-person singular present form of do) + English n't (contracted negative particle from not).

verb
does
Old English
dōn
Verb meaning “to do” or “make”; the ancestor of do.
Middle English
dos
Third-person singular form, a variant of doth or doþ.
Early Modern English
does
Northumbrian form that displaced doth and doeth in literary English during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.
n't
Middle English
not
Negative adverb meaning “not” or “in no way.”
Early Modern English
not
Continued as the ordinary independent negative particle.
Modern English
-'nt
Cliticized and reduced form of not, attached to auxiliary verbs.
Combined
does + n't → doesn't
The auxiliary does combines with the reduced negative particle n't.
English, 1680s
doesn't
The contraction is attested in plays as a shortened form of does not.
Modern English
doesn't

English speakers once preferred doth, as in “he doth protest,” but a Northumbrian form, does, gradually elbowed it aside in literary English during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Then not performed one of English’s favorite disappearing acts: it shrank into a clitic, the little attached particle now written ’nt. By the 1680s, playwrights were already writing doesn't, because dialogue onstage tends to expose how people actually talk rather than how grammarians wish they did. The result is a tiny grammatical time capsule: does carries the old verb “do,” while ’nt is the surviving audible shadow of not. Say “doesn’t” quickly and you are compressing centuries of English sound change into two syllables.

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