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line

/laɪn/

A mark, path, series, boundary, or direction

From Proto-Indo-European, through Proto-Germanic and Old English; reinforced by Latin via French line (Flax).

noun
verb
line
Proto-Indo-European
Verified
*līno-
reconstructed
“flax”; listed as the ancient source of the Germanic flax-and-cord family

from Proto-Germanic *līnǭ (“line, rope, flaxen cord, thread”)

Proto-Germanic
Verified
*līnǭ; *līną
reconstructed
“line, rope, flaxen cord, thread”; “flax, linen”

from Proto-Germanic *līnǭ (“line, rope, flaxen cord, thread”)

Old English
Verified
līne
“line, cable, rope, hawser; series, row, rule, direction”

from Latin linea "linen thread, string, plumb-line," also "a mark, bound, limit, goal; line of descent," short for...

+1 more source
Middle English
Verified
line, lyne
A rope or builder’s cord, later a mark, path, or series; influenced by French ligne

from Middle English line, lyne

Latin
Verified
linea
A related and influential form meaning “linen thread, string, plumb-line”; it entered English through French ligne and reinforced the native Germanic word.

from Latin linea "linen thread, string, plumb-line," also "a mark, bound, limit, goal; line of descent," short for...

+1 more source
Modern English
line

Picture a medieval builder stretching a taut cord across a wall to make sure the stones behaved themselves. That practical rope is the oldest English sense of line, and from it came the ideas of a mark, a direction, a boundary, and eventually a mathematical object with length but no breadth. The word traveled along two closely related-looking roads: Old English līne came through the Germanic flax-and-cord family, while French ligne brought the Latin form linea into Middle English. Latin linea itself meant a linen thread or plumb-line, so the modern line is, in a sense, a piece of ancient flax still guiding our geometry. By the 1550s, English speakers could use line for people standing one behind another; by the 1630s, it meant someone’s occupation or “branch of business,” and by 1847 it could mean a telegraph wire. Even verse is a cousin: Latin versus meant a row or line of writing, originally imagined as a plowman turning at the end of a furrow. Whenever you draw a line, join a line, or wait in one, you are echoing that old builder’s cord stretched tight across the world.

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