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lonely

/ˈloʊnli/

Feeling isolated or alone

From English lone (single).

adjective
lone
Old English
all one
Phrase meaning fully single; possible source of later shortening
Middle English
alone
Common form meaning by oneself
Late Middle English
lone
Shortened form of alone; solitary
c. 1600
lonely
Formed from lone + -ly (1); first meant solitary or unfrequented
1811
lonely
Develops the emotional sense: dejected for want of company
Modern English
lonely

This is one of those words that feels older than it is. Shakespeare was using lonely before the modern ache of isolation had fully settled into the word, and by 1811 it had picked up that sadly human sense of being cut off from company. Its little root, lone, is just alone shaved down for everyday wear, the way a long coat gets shortened for work in the street. Then English did what it loves to do: slapped on -ly and made an adjective that can describe a road, a room, or a heart. The family resemblance is strong enough to spot in lonesome, solitary, and desolation, all those words of emptiness rattling around like an unfurnished house.

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