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mortgage

/ˈmɔːrɡɪdʒ/

Secured loan backed by real property

From O.French / Latin mort (dead) + O.French gage (pledge).

noun
verb
mort
Latin
Verified
mortuus
dead; the source of the death element

from Latin mortuus , past participle of mori "to die" (from PIE root *mer- "to rub away, harm," also "to die"). The -t-...

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Vulgar Latin
Verified
*mortus
reconstructed
a colloquial dead form behind Old French

from Vulgar Latin *mortus "dead,"

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Old French
Verified
mort
dead; used in the phrase mort gage

from Vulgar Latin *mortus "dead,"

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gage
Old French
Verified
gage
pledge, security, guarantee

from Old French morgage (13c.), mort gaige , literally "dead pledge" (replaced in modern French by hypothèque )

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Middle English
Verified
gage
borrowed into English as a legal pledge

from Old French morgage (13c.), mort gaige , literally "dead pledge" (replaced in modern French by hypothèque )

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Combined
mort gage / morgage
Late medieval Law French compound meaning 'dead pledge'
Middle English
Verified
morgage
early English spelling of the legal term

from Old French morgage (13c.), mort gaige , literally "dead pledge" (replaced in modern French by hypothèque )

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Modern English
Verified
mortgage
the -t- was restored by learned spelling influence

from Old French mort gage (“dead pledge”), after a translation of judicial Medieval Latin mortuum wadium, with wadium

Modern English
mortgage

A mortgage is really a legal little zombie: the pledge is alive while the debt lives, and dead the moment the bargain is satisfied or the property is seized. Medieval Law French had the deliciously grim phrase mort gage, literally “dead pledge,” and English lawyers picked it up in the late 1300s, spelling it morgage before later folks shoved the -t- back in to make it look more Latin. The second half is the same gage that gave us wage and even engage, so this word sits in a family of promises, payments, and obligations. Coke’s 1664 Littleton commentary spells out the drama: if you pay, the pledge dies; if you don’t, the land is dead to you forever. That is why every monthly payment on a mortgage feels like paying for the privilege of keeping a very stubborn ghost from moving into your house.

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