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perform

/pərˈfɔrm/

Carry out; present publicly

From O.French / Latin par (through) + O.French fornir (to furnish).

verb
noun
par
Latin
AI-inferred
per
through, by; the preposition behind French par
Old French
Verified
par
through, by; later pulled into parfornir

from Old French parfornir "to do, carry out, finish, accomplish,"

+1 more source
Anglo-French / Middle English
AI-inferred
performen
carry into effect, fulfill, carry out
fornir
Old French
Verified
fornir
to accomplish, furnish, complete

from Old French parfornir "to do, carry out, finish, accomplish,"

Frankish
Verified
*frumjan
reconstructed
to accomplish, furnish

from Proto-Germanic *frumjaną, *framjaną (“to further, promote”)

Proto-Germanic
Verified
*frumjaną
reconstructed
to further, promote

from Proto-Germanic *frumjaną, *framjaną (“to further, promote”)

Proto-Indo-European
Verified
*promo-
reconstructed
in front, forth

from Proto-Indo-European *promo- (“in front, forth”), *per- (“forward, out”). Cognate with Old High German frummen (“to...

Modern English
perform

This one begins as a bureaucrat's word, not an actor's. In medieval Anglo-French, parfornir meant something like “carry it all the way through,” and by about 1300 English had performen for contracts, duties, and other things you were supposed to get done. The theater sense is a later costume change, turning a plain old “finish the job” verb into the glittery language of stages and concerts around 1600. The twist is that the second half, fornir, is kin to furnish and even faintly to frame and form, while the little par- at the front carries the force of “through, completely,” like a seal pressed all the way down. So every time someone performs, the word is still whispering, “Don’t just start it—see it through.”

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