Back to explorer

entry

perspective

/pɚˈspɛktɪv/

Viewpoint; depth in representation

From Latin per (through) + Latin specere (to look at).

noun
adjective
per
Latin
Verified
per
through, by means of

from Old French perspective and directly

+1 more source
Medieval Latin
Verified
perspectus
literally 'looked through' or 'clearly perceived'

from Latin perspectus "clearly perceived," past participle of perspicere "inspect, look through, look closely at,"

specere
Latin
AI-inferred
specere
to look at, inspect
Latin
AI-inferred
perspicere
to look through, examine closely
Latin
Verified
perspectus
past participle of perspicere, 'clearly perceived'

from Latin perspectus "clearly perceived," past participle of perspicere "inspect, look through, look closely at,"

Combined
perspectiva ars
Medieval Latin phrase meaning 'science of optics'; later filtered through Old French perspective into English
Old French
Verified
perspective
borrowed as a learned term for optics and viewing

from Old French perspective and directly

+1 more source
Middle English
Verified
perspective
attested by 1381

from Old French perspective and directly

+1 more source
Modern English
Verified
perspective
shifted from optics to art, then to mental outlook

from Old French perspective and directly

+1 more source
Modern English
perspective

This word began life in the workshop of the eye. Medieval scholars used perspectiva ars for the science of optics, and that sounds exactly like something monks would debate while squinting over candlelight and little painted diagrams. The trick is in the roots: per gives you the sense of 'through,' while specere is the plain Latin business of 'looking'—the same family that gave us suspect, inspect, spectacle, and perspicuous. By the 1590s, artists had stolen the term for the new illusion of depth on a flat surface, a clever bit of visual lying that made a doorway seem to open inside a board. Then English turned the word inward, and perspective became not just how things look, but how a mind arranges them—proof that sometimes the most important distance is the one between your point of view and everyone else's.

§