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pertinacious

/ˌpɜːrtɪˈneɪʃəs/

Stubbornly persistent; holding on tightly

From Latin per (through) + Latin ten (hold) + Latin / Old French acious (adjectival ending forming qualities or tendencies).

adjective
per
Latin
Verified
per
prefix meaning 'through, very, thoroughly'

from Latin pertinacia

+1 more source
Latin
Verified
pertinax
built with per- + tenax; the prefix intensifies the idea of holding fast

from Latin pertinax

ten
Latin
AI-inferred
tenax
meaning 'holding fast, tenacious'
Latin
Verified
pertinax
combined with per- to express extreme firmness or stubbornness

from Latin pertinax

acious
Old French
Verified
pertinace
adjectival form passed into English as the base for the later English ending

from Old French pertinace

Latin / English
AI-inferred
pertinacious
formed with -ous, creating the English adjective
Combined
pertinax
Latin compound literally suggesting someone who holds on through and through
Old French
Verified
pertinace
borrowed as a learned adjective

from Old French pertinace

English
AI-inferred
pertinacious
attested by the 1620s with the sense 'unyielding, persistent'
Modern English
pertinacious

This word has a wonderfully stubborn little skeleton: Latin per- adds force, and tenax brings the grip of holding on. Put them together in pertinax, and you get something like “holding through and through,” which is much tougher than mere persistence. Old French gave English the shape pertinace, and by the 1620s English speakers had dressed it up with -ous into pertinacious, the sort of adjective a judge, preacher, or irritated schoolmaster might have loved. It shares its muscle with tenacious, tenure, retain, and detain—words that all act as if the mind or hand refuses to let go. Say it aloud and you can almost feel the jaw clench: pertinacious is persistence with its fists balled.

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