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pollution

/pəˈluːʃən/

harmful contamination of the natural environment

From Latin, ultimately Proto-Indo-European pollu- (to soil).

noun
pollu-
Proto-Indo-European
Verified
*leu-
reconstructed
“dirt; make dirty”; reconstructed ancestor

from PIE root *leu- "dirt; make dirty" (see lutose ). Sense of "contamination of the environment" is recorded

Late Latin
Verified
pollūtiōnem (pollūtiō)
“defilement,” “desecration,” or “nocturnal emission”

from Late Latin pollutionem (nominative pollutio ) "defilement," noun of action

Middle English
Verified
pollucioun
“desecration, impurity”; borrowed through Anglo-Norman and French

from Middle English pollucioun, pollucion (“desecration, impurity”)

Modern English
Verified
pollution
contamination, especially of the environment

from Late Latin pollutionem (nominative pollutio ) "defilement," noun of action

Modern English
pollution

Long before pollution meant smokestacks, plastic, and poisoned rivers, it referred to a much more intimate kind of defilement: in medieval English, pollucioun could mean a nocturnal emission. The word came through Late Latin pollūtiō, “defilement,” from polluere, “to soil or contaminate,” probably built from por- and a verb related to “smear”; the deeper connection to Proto-Indo-European *leu- is supported, but the exact Latin construction is not perfectly certain. By the late fourteenth century, English speakers were using it for ceremonial or moral uncleanness, as if contamination were something that could cling to a person’s soul as stubbornly as mud to a robe. The environmental sense appeared around 1860 and became ordinary only around 1955, when industrial smoke and chemical waste gave an old moral word a new, planetary target. So pollution is ultimately a mud-word: every poisoned river carries an echo of the ancient idea that dirt is not merely ugly—it is defilement made visible.

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