Back to explorer

entry

proletariat

/ˌproʊləˈtɛəriət/

Working class dependent on wages for survival

From Latin prōlēs (offspring).

noun
prōlēs
Latin
AI-inferred
prōlēs
“offspring, descendants”; literally what has grown forth
Latin
Verified
proletārius
Originally, a citizen whose chief contribution to Rome was producing children

from Latin proletarius (see proletarian ). In political economics, "indigent wage-earners, , the class of wage-workers...

+1 more source
French → English
Verified
prolétariat → proletariat
French political and economic term borrowed into English in 1853

from French prolétariat

+1 more source
Modern English
proletariat

In ancient Rome, a proletarius was not originally a factory worker or a revolutionary; he was a citizen so poor that his main contribution to the state was counted as his children. The word reaches back to Latin prōlēs, “offspring,” from the idea of something growing or being produced. Centuries later, French political vocabulary turned prolétaire into prolétariat, and English adopted proletariat in 1853 for the poorest class. Marx and later Lenin gave the term its explosive modern charge: the people who owned no productive property except their capacity to work. So beneath the formidable political label is a surprisingly domestic image—a Roman census looking at a poor man and, effectively, counting his children as his capital.

§