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sarcopterygii

/ˌsɑːrkoʊpəˈtɛrɪdʒi.aɪ/

Clade of lobe-finned fishes and four-limbed vertebrates

From Greek sarc- (flesh).

noun
sarc-
Ancient Greek
σάρξ (sárx), genitive σαρκός (sarkós)
flesh or bodily tissue
Scientific combining form
sarc-
flesh; used in zoological compounds
-pteryg-
Ancient Greek
πτέρυξ (ptéryx)
wing, feather, or fin-like appendage
Scientific combining form
-pteryg-
winged, finned, or bearing a fin
Combined
Sarcopterygii
A scientific plural taxon formed from Greek sarc- “flesh” and -pteryg- “fin- or wing-bearing”; literally, “flesh-finned ones.”
Modern zoological Latin
Sarcopterygii
Taxonomic name for the lobe-finned vertebrate clade, including lungfishes, coelacanths, and tetrapods
Modern English
sarcopterygii

Picture a fish whose fins are not mere waving fans but muscular, jointed limbs with bones inside—the sort of anatomy that makes evolution look like an engineer reusing a successful prototype. The name Sarcopterygii packages that surprise in Greek: sárx means “flesh,” while ptéryx means “wing,” and in zoological language it came to suggest a fin or wing-like appendage. The same pter- family appears in pterodactyl, the “wing-finger,” and helicopter, whose name means something like “spiral wing.” Sarcopterygii therefore includes not only coelacanths and lungfishes but also every tetrapod, from a frog to a human: our arms and legs are descendants of that fleshy fin design. The memorable twist is that “lobe-finned fish” is not merely a fish category—according to modern cladistics, it is the extended family that eventually walked onto land.

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