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some

/sʌm/

An unspecified amount, number, or person

From Proto-Indo-European sem (one).

determiner
pronoun
adjective
adverb
sem
Proto-Indo-European
Verified
*sem-
reconstructed
“one, whole”; also conveyed being together or unified

from Proto-Indo-European *sem- (“one, whole”). Cognate Scots sum, some (“some”), North Frisian som, sam, säm (“some”),...

Proto-Germanic
Verified
*sumaz
reconstructed
“some, a certain one”; ancestor of related Germanic forms

from Old English sum "some, a, a certain one, something, a certain quantity; a certain indefinite number" (as in some...

+1 more source
Old English
Verified
sum
“some, a certain one, something, a certain quantity”

from Old English sum "some, a, a certain one, something, a certain quantity; a certain indefinite number" (as in some...

+1 more source
Middle English
Verified
som, sum
“someone, a certain portion, an indefinite number”

from Old English sum "some, a, a certain one, something, a certain quantity; a certain indefinite number" (as in some...

+1 more source
Modern English
some

A tiny word like “some” is carrying an astonishingly old idea: *sem- meant “one” or “whole,” and also “together.” From that same family came “same,” “similar,” “assemble,” and even “single”—words that still orbit the notion of unity. By the time Old English scribes were writing sum, around the first millennium, it could point to a person, a quantity, or one item among several: “some of four” was essentially “one out of four.” English held on to the word more tightly than several of its Germanic cousins, while compounds such as “somebody” and “something” turned an indefinite speck into a person or a thing. So whenever you say “some,” you are quietly choosing a piece of a whole—the linguistic equivalent of reaching into a bag without looking.

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