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subsidy

/ˈsʌbsɪdi/

Financial assistance, especially from a government

From Latin sub (under) + Latin sido (sit).

noun
sub
Latin
Verified
sub
“under, below”; a prefix indicating a lower or supporting position

from Anglo-French subsidie , Old French subside "help, aid, assistance, contribution,"

+1 more source
sido
Latin
AI-inferred
sīdō
“sit, settle down, remain”
Combined
Latin subsidium
sub- (“below”) + sīdō (“sit”): something stationed below or in reserve, hence support or assistance
Latin
Verified
subsidium
“help, aid, assistance”; also military reinforcements or troops held in reserve

from Latin subsidium "a help, aid, assistance, (military) reinforcements, troops in reserve,"

+1 more source
Old French
Verified
subside
“help, aid, assistance”

from Old French subside

Anglo-French
Verified
subsidie
“help, aid, assistance, contribution”

from Anglo-French subsidie , Old French subside "help, aid, assistance, contribution,"

Middle English
Verified
subsidy, subsidie
A financial contribution or assistance; attested by the late 14th century

from Anglo-French subsidie , Old French subside "help, aid, assistance, contribution,"

+1 more source
Modern English
Verified
subsidy
Financial aid, especially government support for people, businesses, or industries

from Middle English subsidy, subsidie

Modern English
subsidy

Picture a Roman army waiting just behind the battle line: not charging, not fleeing, but sitting in reserve until the front needs help. Latin called those backup troops subsidium, built from sub, “below,” and sīdō, “I sit.” The same image traveled into medieval French and then Middle English, where a subsidy became a contribution—often money requested by the Crown. By 1867, English had narrowed the term toward direct financial aid for private industry, while modern governments expanded it into tax breaks, grants, soft loans, and price support. A subsidy is therefore a Roman reserve force in financial clothing: money sitting quietly behind the economy, waiting to be sent forward.

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