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team

/tiːm/

Group working together toward a shared goal

From O.English, from Proto-Germanic team (Descendants or beings joined for pulling and working together).

noun
verb
team
Proto-Indo-European
Verified
*dewk- / *douk-mo-
reconstructed
Reconstructed root meaning “to pull” or “lead”; the competing forms reflect different analyses.

from PIE *douk-mo-

+1 more source
Proto-Germanic
Verified
*taumaz
reconstructed
“That which draws or pulls”; also associated with bridles, progeny, and lines of descent.

from Proto-Germanic *tau(h)maz (source also of Old Norse taumr , Old Frisian tam "bridle; progeny, line of descent,"...

+1 more source
Old English
Verified
tēam
“Child-bearing, offspring, brood,” and a set of draught animals.

from Old English team "descendant, family, race, line; child-bearing, brood;" also "company, band;"

+1 more source
Middle English
Verified
tem, teem, teme
A family, lineage, or group bound together.

from Middle English tem, teem, teme

Modern English
Verified
team
A group of people or animals working together; later, one side in a contest.

from Old English team "descendant, family, race, line; child-bearing, brood;" also "company, band;"

+1 more source
Modern English
team

Long before a team meant colleagues in matching shirts, Old English tēam could mean offspring, a brood, or a set of draft animals harnessed to pull together. The underlying image was apparently something that draws or leads, linking the word to Germanic relatives such as German Zaum, “bridle,” and Dutch toom, “reins.” By the early Middle English period, team could describe people acting together in a legal case; the modern general sense of people united for a purpose appears in the 1520s. Its sporting identity arrived much later: “team” meant one side in a contest by 1846, while “team player” appeared in baseball in 1886. The memorable twist is that a team began not as a meeting of minds, but as a harnessed line of living creatures pulling in the same direction.

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