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wealth

/wɛlθ/

Abundance of valuable possessions

From Germanic weal (well-being) + O.English th (abstract noun suffix).

noun
weal
Proto-Indo-European
Verified
*wel-
reconstructed
“good, best”

from Middle English welth, welthe (“happiness, prosperity”)

Proto-Germanic
Verified
*walô
reconstructed
“well-being, prosperity”

from Proto-Germanic *walô (“well-being, prosperity”)

Old English
Verified
wela
“wealth, prosperity, riches”

from Old English wela (“wealth, prosperity”)

Middle English
Verified
wele
“well-being, prosperity”

from Proto-Indo-European *wel- (“good, best”); equivalent to weal +‎ -th (abstract nominal suffix). Cognate with West...

th
Old English
AI-inferred
-þ / -th
Abstract noun suffix, as in health, dearth
Combined
weal + -th
Built on the stem weal- with the abstract nominal suffix -th, by analogy with health
Middle English
Verified
welth / welthe
“happiness, prosperity”

from Middle English welth, welthe (“happiness, prosperity”)

Modern English
AI-inferred
wealth
“riches; abundance”
Modern English
wealth

This one began life sounding almost cheerful. In Old English, wela meant not just “riches” but a kind of flourishing, the opposite of woe — the sort of thing you’d wish a whole village, not just a banker. Then English did a very English thing and dressed it up with the abstract suffix -th, the same little ending you hear in health and dearth, turning a feeling into a thing you could point to. By the 1770s, Adam Smith made wealth a public, economic obsession in The Wealth of Nations, but the word itself still carries an older, warmer aroma: prosperity as a state of being, not just a pile of assets. So when you say wealth, you’re hearing the ghost of a world where being “well” and being “rich” were still close cousins — and maybe, in some secret corner of the language, they still are.

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