EtymEx

ungainly

/ʌnˈɡeɪnli/adjective

Awkward or clumsy in movement or appearance

From O.English un- (Not) + O.Norse, via Middle English gein / gain (Helpful).

Lineage

un-

gein / gain

Germanicnot directly attestedSelect a stage for details, or drag it

The story

Picture someone trying to move gracefully through a crowded medieval hall and knocking into every bench: that is the sort of person the word’s early sense could describe. In Middle English, ungein meant “inconvenient” or “troublesome,” joining un- (“not”) to gein, a word for what was helpful or suitable. The gein part reaches back to Old Norse gegn, meaning “straight” or “direct”—a surprising cousin to again and against, whose histories also involve ideas of return or opposition. By the 1610s, ungainly was being used for the awkward and clumsy, while gainly (“graceful”) was later formed as a back-formation from it. So the “graceful” word is the newcomer: ungainly got there first.

Related words

Antonyms
graceful, agile
Confused with
unwieldy

Words from the same roots

un- · Old English, ‘Not; the prefix negates the quality that follows.’

Derivedunfit, unwieldy, uncouth, unfamiliar

gein / gain · Old Norse, via Middle English, ‘Helpful, suitable, convenient; related in this word to Old Norse gegn.’

Derivedgain, again, against, gainly

Sources